Ann Pharmacol Pharm | Volume 3, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access
Choudhury SS and Tetali SD*
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
*Correspondance to: Sarada D. Tetali
Fulltext PDFBackground: Hemidesmus indicus (HI) (Asclepiadaceae), commonly called as Indian Sarsaparilla is traditionally used for blood purification and to treat cardiovascular diseases. The present study is aimed to investigate the (i) anti-inflammatory, (ii) anti-hyperlipidemic, effect of alcoholic and water extracts of HI roots (HIAE and HIWE) using LPS/PMA induced human monocytic (THP-1) cells and high fat diet fed male Wistar rats respectively. Methods: The phytochemical analysis of HIAE and HIWE was done using LC-Q-TOF-MS. Cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was tested by MTT assay. The anti-inflammatory effect of alcoholic and water extracts of HI roots was assayed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or phorbol-12-myristate- 13-acetate (PMA) induced THP-1 cells. The study was performed by assaying the following markers: tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) secretion by ELISA, gene expression of proinflammatory markers by q-RT-PCR, translocation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) by confocol microscopy. Macrophage differentiation markers were also studied by q-RT-PCR. Further anti-hyperlipidemic effect was studied by testing serum lipid profile in high fat diet fed male Wistar rats. Results: Dosage of the plant extracts limited based on cytotoxicity, there was no cell death at 1 mg dwt/mL of HIAE and HIWE. The plant extracts significantly inhibiting the gene expression of LPS induced proinflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6 and MIP-1α) and also secretion of TNF-α protein. The extracts also inhibited the translocation of NF-κB-p65 to the nuclei in LPS induced THP-1 cells. Extracts inhibited PMA induced differentiation of monocytes to macrophages, gene transcripts of CD14 and TLR2, however, there was no significant effect on TLR4 transcripts. Further, the study demonstrated anti-hyperlipidemic activity of HI root extracts (at 200 mg/kg body weight/day), treatments not only inhibited high fat diet induced serum lipid markers (total triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol but also maintained good cholesterol, HDL. Conclusion: The present study for the first time demonstrated anti-inflammatory (In vitro) and antihyperlipidemic (In vivo) effect of HI roots extracts supporting its traditional use for cardioprotective benefits.
Inflammation; Hemidesmus indicus; THP-1 cells; TNF-α; Wistar rats
Choudhury SS, Tetali SD. Antiinflammatory and Antihyperlipidemic Activities of Root Extracts of Hemidesmus indicus: In vitro and In vivo Studies. Ann Pharmacol Pharm. 2018;3(1):1141.