Am J Clin Microbiol Antimicrob | Volume 4, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access
Asad Ullah*, Syed Jafar, Manal Rauf, Memoona Rauf, Maria Shaukat Shah Fahad, Muhammad Junaid
Department of Rural Sociology, The University of Agriculture, Pakistan
*Correspondance to: Asad Ullah
Fulltext PDFExtended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli is an evolving pathogen globally seen as contamination in chicken meat and poultry, contributing to the increased chances of infections in humans. This study analyzes the occurrence of ESBL E. Coli in chicken and Azadirachta Indica (Neem)’s effect on them. Samples from chicken caeca were taken from different local broiler retail shops of Islamabad. ESBL producing isolates were identified by culturing on MacConkey & chromogenic media. Phenotypic testing revealed that among the 20 isolates taken out from 20 samples, 10 isolates were ESBL positive Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Phenotypic detection of ESBL positive E. coli was analyzed by performing the double-disc synergic test using the antibiotics such as; Amoxicillin- Clavulanate, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, and Ceftazidime discs placed 20 mm to 30 mm away from Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (AMC). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done to analyze the MDR of the isolates that were producing ESBL. Double-disc synergy showed positive results giving the SD values; AMC (2.024846), CRO (2.250926), CTX (0.971825), and CAZ (0.994429) but the Cefotaxime disc or the Ceftazidime disk in combination with Clavulanic acid was giving results of 5 mm or greater (SD value =2.02 and 1.71 respectively). The antibiotic sensitivity test showed the SD values; CFM (2.7160207), CN (3.88158), CE (2.162817), LEV (2.170509), SXT (2.54733), FEP (2.406011), ATM (2.162817), and CIP (2.796824), but IPM (5.116422). This means pathogens were resistant to all antibiotics except the Imipenem (ZOI>22 mm) according to CLSI guidelines the effect of different dilutions of Azadirachta indica (NEEM) plant extract on isolated ESBL producing strains was observed considering its therapeutic properties. Azadirachta indica did not show any zone of inhibition for all the tested strains of bacteria. This showed high susceptibility of ESBL producing pathogenic organisms against antibiotics as well as the plant having antibacterial properties.
Azadirachta indica, Enterobacteriaceae, Spectrum- β-lactamases, Anti-bacterial, Anti-inflammatory; Extended Spectrum β–lactamase
Ullah A, Jafar S, Rauf M, Rauf M, Fahad MSS, Junaid M. Isolation and Identification of Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase E. coli from Retail Chicken Meat and the Effect of Azadirachta indica (Neem) Plant on Them. Am J Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2021; 4(1): 1051..