Ann Hypertens | Volume 1, Issue 2 | Research Article | Open Access

Cardioprotective Effects of Kalanchoe pinnata Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts in Wistar Rat

Mtopi Bopda OS1,2*, Benjamin Koko1, Chendjou Koumtouzi NN1, Lemba Tom EN3, Tonfack Fotio AL1, Dzeufiet Djomeni PD4, Danielle Bilanda4 and Theophile Dimo4

1Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Cameroon
2Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon
3Department of Biological Sciences, Yaounde I University, Cameroon
4Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Yaounde I University, Cameroon

*Correspondance to: Mtopi Bopda OS 

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Abstract

Introduction: Kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae) aqueous extract potential cardioprotective property was revealed recently. This study aimed to confirm cardioprotective effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts against Isoproterenol (ISO) -induced Myocardial Infarction (MI) in rat. Methods: Forty adult wistar rats were randomly distributed into 8 groups, and then treated for 28 days. Control groups 1-3 received water (10 mL/kg, per os, neutral), ISO (150 mg/kg, sc, negative) and ISO+ propranolol (10 mg/kg, per os, positive). Test groups (4-6) received Kalanchoe pinnata ethanolic extract (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, per os). Cardioprotective test groups 7 and 8 received Kalanchoe pinnata aqueous extract (100 mg/kg, per os) +ISO and ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg, per os) +ISO, respectively. Rats were sacrificed on day 29 and blood collected for determination of serum creatine kinase-MB and Troponin I levels. Hearts were histopathologically analyzed. Results: There was no significant change caused by the ethanolic extract alone on neither the biomarkers level nor the heart architecture. Compared to neutral control, creatine kinase-MB level (16.16 ± 6.07) U/L rose to (96.09 ± 14.07) U/L and (19.43 ± 6.24) U/L in the negative and positive controls, respectively. This biomarker rose from 16.16 U/L to (26.09 ± 4.853) U/L and (63.73 ± 10.97) U/L in aqueous Kalanchoe pinnata (100 mg/kg) +ISO and ethanolic Kalanchoe pinnata (100 mg/kg) +ISO groups, respectively. The increase in Troponin was from (0.0348 ± 0.0157) μg/L (neutral control) to (1.886 ± 0.0002) μg/L in the negative control, (0.9694 ± 0.1303) μg/L in the aqueous Kalanchoe pinnata (100 mg/kg) +ISO and (1.493 ± 0.177) μg/L in the ethanolic Kalanchoe pinnata (100 mg/kg) +ISO. Compared to the negative control, there was a significant decrease of Troponin, to (0.2312 ± 0.1314) μg/L in the positive control. The aqueous extract was more potent than ethanolic extract on infracted heart. Conclusion: We demonstrated that both extracts (100 mg/kg/day, per os) are cardioprotective against ISO-induced MI, but the aqueous extract is more potent.

Keywords:

Kalanchoe pinnata; Myocardial infarction; Cardioprotective effects; Rat

Citation:

Mtopi Bopda OS, Koko B, Chendjou Koumtouzi NN, Lemba Tom EN, Tonfack Fotio AL, Dzeufiet Djomeni PD, et al. Cardioprotective Effects of Kalanchoe pinnata Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts in Wistar Rat. Ann Hypertens. 2019; 1(2): 1010.

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