Ann Atheroscler Res | Volume 1, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access
Ajith TA*
Department of Biochemistry, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Fulltext PDFAmong the various strategies demonstrated for the post-transcriptional silencing of genes, micro RNA (miRNA or miR) has a central pivotal role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Recent studies demonstrated that miRs have role as mediators and novel biomarkers in the detection of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). In general, the myocardium-derived miR such as miR-1, miR-133a and 133b, miR-208 and miR-499 were found to be increased in CVD. Among the various miR involved in the CVD, level of miR-1, miR -122, miR -126, miR -133a, miR -133b, and miR-199a were positively modulated in both unstable and stable angina patients. A positive modulation of miR-337-5p instable angina and miR-145 in unstable angina was also demonstrated. While endothelium derived miR such as miR-126 was reduced. Furthermore, the plasma level of miR-1, miR-30a and miR-133a, were described as novel markers of arterial remodeling. Stability of miR in the circulation as well as the sensitivity of the detection contributed their significant role as biomarkers in CVD. The most common sensitive and accurate method for the detection is real-time RT-PCR. However, lack of consistency between the reported miR markers certainly gives rise to concern about the pre-examination, examination and post-examination phases of the analysis. Furthermore, currently no known extracellular housekeeping RNAs that can be used for normalization is reported. This review article discusses the role of miR as mediators and novel biomarkers in CVD.
Micro RNA; Cardiovascular disease; Stable angina; Unstable angina; Myocardial infarction
Ajith TA. Micrornas as Mediators and Novel Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease. Ann Atheroscler Res. 2018;1(1):1003.