Am J Leuk Res | Volume 7, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access
Chilaka UJ*, Nwogoh B, Egbunike CG, Ajuba IC, Nnemelu P, Chilaka KC, Mgbedimma AI, Imakwu II and Igwe DO
Department of Hematology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
*Correspondance to: Ugochinyere Jane Chilaka
Fulltext PDFBackground: Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) is a cause of increased morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. VTE is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients. Risk assessment models have been developed to identify patients at risk of VTE for thromboprophylaxis. Risk scores of patients in our environment have not been adequately investigated. Objective: The study evaluates the association of thrombotic risk assessment scores (using the modified Khorana risk assessment tool) and soluble P-selectin levels with thrombotic events in patients with breast cancer and to compare rates of thrombotic events between the breast cancer population and controls. Methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted at Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH, Nnewi, Anambra State). Study population consists of 2 groups (breast cancer and controls) with 45 and 20 subjects respectively. The modified Khorana risk assessment score was used to assess cancer associated thrombotic risk. sP-selectin levels were also analyzed and compared between the study groups. The study was approved by the institutional ethical review committee. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23, P value ≤ 0.05. Result: The age of individuals with breast cancer ranged from 30 to 74 years with a mean and standard deviation of 46.8 ± 11.4 years while the controls had an age range of 31 to 69 years with a mean and standard deviation of 47.7 ± 11.1 years. The differences in mean was not statistically significant (p=0.774). Forty-four (97.8%) individuals with BRCA had intermediate risk score and 1 (2.2%) had high risk score while 9 (45.0%) of the controls were intermediate risk and 11 (55.0%) low risk. The difference in proportion of risk category was statistically significant (p=0.000). The median (IQR) levels of soluble P-selectin in individuals with BRCA and controls were 12.0 (10.1- 23.9) ng/mL and 7.7 (5.5-9.6) ng/mL respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the median (p=0.001). A total of 2 (2.2%) subjects with VTE related symptoms had deep Vein Thrombosis (VTE) confirmed by Doppler scan. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that patients with breast cancer have moderate to highrisk scores for cancer associated thrombosis using the modified Khorana risk model. The rate of DVT in breast cancer patients in the study was increased as compared with the controls.
Venous thromboembolism; Soluble P-selectin; Khorana risk assessment tool; DVT; Breast cancer
Chilaka UJ, Nwogoh B, Egbunike CG, Ajuba IC, Nnemelu P, Chilaka KC, et al. Thrombotic Risk in Patients with Breast Cancer Using Soluble P-Selectin and Modified Khorana Risk Assessment Model in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, NNEWI, Anambra State. Am J Leuk Res. 2024; 7(1): 1033..