J Dent Oral Biol | Volume 5, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access

Cytokines and Inflammatory Mediators for Monitoring the Status of Periodontitis

Chunjiao Xu¹, Michael Cw Yi², Mary Nb Cheung³, Dou Dou⁴, Yi-Ding Dou⁴ and Wings Ty Loo^3,4*

1Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Central South University, PR China
2Department of Psychology, The Education University of Hong Kong, PR China
3Essence Medical Laboratory, Keenlink Dental Clinic, Hong Kong, PR China
4Department of Prosthodontics, Jin Hua Dentistry, China

^*Correspondance to: Wings Tjing Yung Loo 

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Abstract

Objectives: C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a sensitive and dynamic systemic marker of inflammation. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines have been well documented with initiation, control and susceptibility to periodontal diseases. This study applied high-sensitivity CRP (Hs-CRP), pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines to predict risk of periodontal diseases. Methods: The 2200 subjects (1200 healthy subjects and 1000 chronic periodontal patients) were recruited from community of Hong Kong, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China, respectively. Blood was drawn from subjects and DNA was extracted. The polymorphic sites of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), proinflammatory (Interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) were amplified and measured via polymerase chain reaction for further analysis. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were applied to analyze gene type distribution differences, allele frequencies and carriages rates between healthy and disease groups. Soluble protein levels of cytokines were evaluated by the T-test. Results: Genotype frequencies of CRP, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was statistically higher in periodontal disease patients than healthy controls (p<0.05). Prevalence of periodontal diseases was statistically correlated with carriage of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the cytokine parameters. Conclusion: Hs-CRP and cytokine gene polymorphisms may be applied as biomarkers to predict periodontitis susceptibility, clinical behavior and severity.

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Citation:

Xu C, Cw Yi M, Nb Cheung M, Dou D, Dou Y-D, Ty Loo W. Cytokines and Inflammatory Mediators for Monitoring the Status of Periodontitis. J Dent Oral Biol. 2020; 5(1): 1157. ISSN: 2475-5680.