Int J Intern Emerg Med | Volume 1, Issue 2 | Research Article | Open Access
Khalid SJ Aljabri1*, Samia A Bokhari1, Muneera A Alshareef1, Patan M Khan1, Hesham Abu Alsaoud1, Mohammad Jalal1, Rania Safwat1, Rehab Borae1 and Bandari K Aljabri2
1Department of Endocrinology, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2Department of Medicine, Um Al Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*Correspondance to: Khalid SJ Aljabri
Fulltext PDFBackground: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases. The development of albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) increases the risk for renal disease.
Methods: The study was retrospective conducted at the Primary Health Care Clinics at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A total of 1583 Saudi with T2DM were randomly selected.
Results: Total of 1583 patients with T2DM included in this study; 636 (40.2%) male and 8947 (59.8%) female with mean age 56.0 ± 11.7 years. Hypertension was present in 896 (56.6%). Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) 31.8 ± 6.7, HbA1c was 8.2 ± 2.2 and mean albumin excretion rate was 72.3 ± 225.3. Albuminuria was present in 521 (32.9%) and was significantly more prevalent in female (52.2%) with female predominance (sex ratio male:female) 1:1.1. Cases with albuminuria have significantly higher HbA1c compared to normalbuminuria, 8.6 ± 2.2 vs. 8.0 ± 2.2 respectively, p<0.0001. HTN with MA was more frequent in 349 (67.0%) of albuminuria group with odd ratio 1.9 (1.5 to 2.4), p<0.0001. The frequency of albuminuria categorized by BMI groups is consistently statistically non significant increasing with BMI groups (p<0.0001) with significant difference for male cases above BMI of ≥ 25 years, p=0.003. Moreover, the frequency of albuminuria is consistently statistically significant increasing with age groups (p=0.02) with significant difference for male cases above the age of ≥ 60 years, p=0.003.
Conclusion: The frequency of albuminuria in patients with T2DM in this study is high. The study has also shown that comorbidities such as age, hypertension, obesity, and poor glycaemic control are likely to be additional risk factors for diabetic nephropathy. It is mandatory to have adequate diagnostic, therapeutic and educational resources in addition to competent physicians who can manage MA in diabetic patients by using a continuing, comprehensive and coordinated approach.
Type 2 diabetes; Albuminuria
Aljabri KSJ, Bokhari SA, Alshareef MA, Khan PM, Alsaoud HA, Jalal M, et al. Effect of Weight on the Frequency of Albuminuria in Saudi Population with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Intern Emerg Med. 2018;1(2):1013.