Ann Pediatr Res | Volume 5, Issue 2 | Research Article | Open Access

The Blood Gas Lactate and Serum Glucose Levels of the Patients Admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department with Seizure

Esra Gur and Sabiha Sahin*

Department of Pediatrics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Turkey

*Correspondance to: Sabiha Sahin 

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Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the patients presenting to the pediatric emergency service with seizure, to compare blood gas lactate and serum glucose levels according to the seizure types and to determine the effects of these values on prognosis. Material and Methods: The patients presenting to the pediatric emergency service with seizure and aged between 1 month and 18 years who were admitted to Emergency Department (ED) between January 2012 and December 2016 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: In this study 69 (43, 4%) of the patients were female and 90 (56, 7.6%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 69.8 ± 62.8 months. When the type of seizure was assessed, 73 (45, 9%) patients had febrile seizure, 75 (47, 2%) had afebrile seizure and 11 (6, 9%) patients had status epilepticus. There was a significant statistically relationship between the type of seizure and the serum glucose examined at the time of admission (p=0.015). There was no significant difference between seizure type, blood gas lactate, seizure history, family history of seizures, duration of stay in emergency department, need for hospitalization and seizure recurrence. The mean seizure time of the patients was 3.8 ± 3.1 min. There was a negative correlation between seizure duration and blood gas pH and positive correlation between seizure duration and serum glucose. 84 (52, 8%) patients had a blood gas lactate value of ≥ 2 mmol/L at admission. The 41 patients (25, 7%) had hyperglycemia at admission. There were no patients with hypoglycemia. The mean emergency department observation duration was 8 ± 2.9 h. It was observed that 12 (7, 5%) patients were hospitalized. The mean length of stay in hospital was 3 ± 1.8 days. The mortality rate was 0%. Seizure recurrence was observed in 27 (17%) patients. There was a significant statistically relationship between the seizure recurrence and the CO2 in the blood gas (p=0.04). ROC analysis of seizure recurrence revealed lactate cut off is 1.9 mmol/L and blood glucose cut off is 110 mg/dL. This study contributes to literature in terms of illuminating efficient factors on clinical courses of seizures. Pediatric Emergency doctors should maintain seizure patients with high lactate and glucose levels at the time of admission under close clinical follow-up after discharge in terms of seizure recurrence.

Keywords:

Seizure type; Child; Blood gas lactate; Serum glucose

Citation:

Gur E, Sahin S. The Blood Gas Lactate and Serum Glucose Levels of the Patients Admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department with Seizure. Ann Pediatr Res. 2021;5(2):1062..

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