Ann Med Med Res | Volume 2, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access
Khalid S Aljabri1*, Samia A Bokhari1, Nawaf K Aljabri2 and Bandari K Aljabri3
1Department of Endocrinology, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2Department of Laboratory, Northern Armed Farces Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
3Um Al Qura University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
*Correspondance to: Khalid S Aljabri
Fulltext PDFBackground and
Objective: The association between Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) complicated with albuminuria and hypothyroidism were not well studied. To estimate retrospectively the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with T2DM complicated with albuminuria in Saudi community based hospital.
Design: We analyzed retrospectively 1364 participants with T2DM whom are between the ages 20 to 96 years. All patients were from the population of the Primary health centre at King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. All data were collected on the basis of a review of electronic medical data. Patients with Thyrotropin level (TSH) above the normal range of TSH for our laboratory reference, history of hypothyroidism and taking thyroid replacement therapy were included. Patient who are pregnant were excluded. Albuminuria was defined as AER ≥ 30 g/min in overnight urine collections.
Results: Out of the initial screening of 6023 subjects, 1364 subjects with T2DM were included. There were 861 (22.9%) male and 2899 (77.1%) were female with mean age 55.9 ± 12.4 and BMI 31.8 ± 6.3 kg/m2 . There were 515 (37.8%), 791 (58.0%) and 423 (31.0%) with albuminuria, Hypertension (HTN) and hypothyroidism respectively. The mean TSH and FT4 value was 4.4 ± 8.3 mIU/l and 15.1 ± 2.9 pmol/l respectively. Among cases of T2DM and albuminuria, there were 185 (35.9%) with hypothyroidism. Regression analysis of odd ratio of risk factors for patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuria with hypothyroidism showed that female gender, HTN, presence of hypothyroidism and HbA1c were associated with higher likely hood of albuminuria, (OR=1.8; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.4, 2.4), p<0.0001), (OR=2.4; 95% CI=1.8, 3.1), p<0.0001), (OR=1.8; 95% CI=1.3, 2.3), p<0.0001) and (OR=1.2; 95% CI=1.1, 1.3), p<0.0001) respectively. Cases with hypothyroidism were nonsignificantly showed no differences in HbA1c than cases with no hypothyroidism, 7.9 ± 2.3 vs. 8.1 ± 2.1 respectively, p=0.2. Hypothyroidsm with albuminuria was more prevalent in the seventh decade (32%). Hypothyroidsm was nonsignificantly more prevalent in females in the sixth decade and male in the seventh decade.
Conclusion: We conclude that despite the limitations of this hospital-based retrospective study, hypothyroidism is highly prevalent in cohort of Saudis with albuminuria and T2DM. The majority of our patients with primary hypothyroidism in our finding were predominantly females. These two observations remain to be validated by population-based studies. In the absence of registry data, larger cooperative studies involving diverse population samples from multiple centers could help to provide further information on the true frequency nationally.
Albuminuria; Hypothyroidism; Type 2 diabetes; Saudi Arabia
Aljabri KS, Bokhari SA, Aljabri NK, Aljabri BK. Association between Hypothyroidism and Albuminuria in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Community based Hospital. A Retrospective Single Centre Study. Ann Med Medical Res. 2019; 2: 1019.