Ann Cardiol Cardiovasc Med | Volume 4, Issue 1 | Research Article | Open Access
Ngaide AA1*, Sow M2, Gaye ND3, Gnimbo B1, Haris M1, AW F4, Dioum M5, Beye SM6, Sarr SA4, Mingou JS4, Moctar MA1, Diallo SD1, Akanni SCG1, Gaye C1, Gueye K1, Bah MB4, Idrissa H4, Leye M5, Bodian M4, Ndiaye MB4, Mbaye A1 and Kane A2
1Department of Cardiology, Hospital General De Grand Yoff, Senegal
2Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Center University Aristide Le Dantec, Senegal
3Department of Cardiology, Hospital Dalal Jamm, Senegal
4Department of Cardiology, Hospital Center University Aristide Le Dantec, Senegal
5Department of Cardiology, Hospital Center University De Fann, Senegal
6Training and Research Units, Health Gaston Berger University of Saint-Louis, Senegal
Objectives: The aim of this work was to assess the management and study the etiological profile of heart failure in a cardiology department in Dakar, Senegal.
Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out at the general hospital in Grand Yoff from June 01 to September 30, 2017, either a period of 4 months. Were included, patients aged at least 15 years and hospitalized for heart failure. The heart failure was retained in front of the clinical signs: either 2 of the major criteria (paroxysmal nocturnal or orthopnea dyspnea, pulmonary rale, venous distension, acute pulmonary edema, Gallop 3, hepatojugular reflux) or a major criterion associated with 2 of the minor criteria (ankle edema, nocturnal cough, exertional dyspnea, hepatomegaly, pleural effusion, tachycardia greater than 120 beats per min) and echocardiography which made it possible to differentiate the HF with preserved and altered ejection fractions. A data collection form was completed based on the patient records. All patients underwent a cardiovascular examination, an electrocardiogram and an echocardiography. Data collection was done using Sphinx V.5 software. The significance threshold was retained for a p<0.05.
Results: We enrolled 103 heart failure patients. The average age was 58.92 years with a sex ratio of 1.02. Cardiovascular risk factors were dominated by age (65.05%) and high blood pressure (46.6%). Heart failure was global in 82.52% of cases. The ejection fraction of the left ventricle was altered (<40%) in 48% of patients. The etiologies dominated by dilated (35%) and ischemic (27.20%) cardiomyopathies. In the acute phase, the prescription was mainly composed of loop diuretics (92.2%), spironolactone (59.2%), and converting enzyme inhibitors (61.2%). At discharge, most of the patients were on diuretics, 60.20% of whom were on spironolactone and 28.20% on thiazide. Almost half of the patients were on ACE inhibitor (48.50%). Furthermore, 33% of the patients were on beta-blockers.
Conclusion: Heart failure was generally global with an ejection fraction of the left ventricle often lowered. The etiologies were dominated by dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies. The treatment was mainly based on diuretics and ACE inhibitors.
Heart failure; Treatment; Etiology; Dakar
Ngaide AA, Sow M, Gaye ND, Gnimbo B, Haris M, AW F, et al. Management and Etiological Profile of Heart Failure in a General Cardiology Department in Senegal: Cross-Sectional Study, Descriptive about 103 Cases. Ann Cardiol Cardiovasc Med. 2020;4(1):1035..