Am J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | Volume 5, Issue 8 | Research Article | Open Access
Zhou P1,2, Huang X3, Song X2, Zhu M2and Zheng H2*
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, China 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, China 3Department of Pathology, Second Military Medical University, China
*Correspondance to: Hongliang Zheng
Fulltext PDFIntroduction: Poor prognosis of patients with Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HSCC) remains a challenge. Currently, there is no study focused on patients with secondary HSCC. We conducted a comprehensive analysis to compare the clinical characteristics of primary and secondary HSCC by a population-based method. Methods: The data of patients with HSCC from 2004 to 2015 were identified and characterized by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program Kaplan Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used for prognosis analysis. The R version is used for the construction and adjustment of the Nomogram. Results: In total, 3,005 primary HSCC patients and 1,067 secondary HSCC patients were eligible. In the secondary HSCC cohort, the Overall Survival rate (OS) of patients with regional stage (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.387; 95% CI, 1.096 to 1.757; P=0.007) and distant stage (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.465; 95% CI, 1.104 to 1.946; P=0.008) was poor. T3-T4 (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.262; 95% CI, 1.080 to 1.476; P=0.004), lymph node-positive (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.192; 95% CI, 1.009 to 1.407; P=0.039), and distance metastasis (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.892; 95% CI, 1.419 to 1.523; P<0.001) were significant negative prognostic factors. Chemotherapy (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.798; 95% CI, 0.673 to 0.946; P=0.09) and radiotherapy (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.737; 95% CI, 0.620 to 0.876; P=0.01) were significant positive prognostic factors. We constructed nomogram including distant metastasis, age, T stage, radiation, lymph node status, race, chemotherapy, and gender for predicting the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival probability of secondary HSCC. Conclusion: Regional stage, distant stage, larger tumor size, positive lymph node status, and distance metastasis are the factors of poor prognosis of secondary HSCC. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be recommended for the treatment of both primary and secondary HSCC.
Hypopharynx; Squamous cell carcinoma; Treatment; SEER; Second primary cancer
Zhou P, Huang X, Song X, Zhu M, Zheng H. Predictors of the Survival of Primary and Secondary Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study. Am J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022;5(8):1204.